Weighing options for a design, recording the trade-offs here.

1)Spacing below a quarter wavelength in the substrate stops dominant-mode leakage.
2)Tighter spacing also raises the cut-off frequency of the parallel-plate waveguide formed by the planes.
3)Via inductance adds to the ground return path; multiple vias in parallel reduce it.
4)For GCPW, the side wall spacing also sets the impedance, so it cannot be chosen independently.

Discussion welcome, especially counter-examples.